Hysteroscopy and hysteroresectoscopy

Hysteroscopy (from “hystero” - uterus and “scopio” - inspection) is a visual inspection of the uterus using a special device equipped with optical fiber. This method is used both for diagnostic purposes - it is diagnostic (office) hysteroscopy, and therapeutic (hysteroresectoscopy). In the first case, the doctor examines the condition of the mucosa, in the second case - performs removal of polyps and other pathological neoplasms.

Indications for the Procedure

• suspected endometriosis
• suspected intrauterine masses, including malignant tumors
• irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding
• infertility and recurrent miscarriage
• recurrent vaginal bleeding
• monitoring of hormonal therapy
• suspected intrauterine foreign body

You can check the hysteroscopy cost at the clinic in advance.

Preparation for the Procedure

Preparation protocols may vary among medical facilities. Depending on the diagnosis and the planned extent of intervention, the doctor may adjust the preparation.

For a planned procedure, the following tests are typically required:

• complete blood count and urinalysis
• blood type and Rh factor
• coagulation profile
• pelvic ultrasound
• ECG
• chest X-ray (or fluorography)
• vaginal smear for microbiological assessment

In some cases, hormonal therapy, antibiotics, or sedatives may be prescribed beforehand. Emergency hysteroscopy is performed without prior testing.

Although hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive technique, several contraindications must be considered. Absolute contraindications include: active pelvic infection, acute infectious diseases, uterine bleeding, coagulation disorders, and pregnancy.

Before the procedure, the doctor will explain each stage, possible risks (which are minimal compared to traditional surgery), and answer any questions.

On the evening before the procedure, an enema may be recommended. Hair removal in the external genital area is also advisable.

Hysteroscopic resection (hysteroresectoscopy) is performed under general anesthesia. The anesthesiologist will provide detailed information on anesthesia induction and recovery. The average procedure time is approximately 50 minutes, but may be longer when removing fibroids.

You can find pricing information and book a specialist consultation on our website. After a comprehensive assessment, the doctor will select an appropriate treatment strategy.

Diagnostic (Office) Hysteroscopy

This procedure is performed under local anesthesia using a very thin optical device (3–5 mm).

During office hysteroscopy:

• cervical dilation is not required;
• vaginal specula are not used;
• the distension medium is introduced under lower pressure compared to conventional hysteroscopy.

Advantages:

• minimal discomfort
• no need for hospital admission
• no general anesthesia
• significantly lower cost compared to operative hysteroscopy

Indications: infertility, suspected intrauterine inflammation, recurrent miscarriage, pre-IVF evaluation.

Contraindications: pelvic inflammatory disease, acute respiratory or systemic infections (influenza, tonsillitis, ARVI).

It is important to consult a physician to determine the optimal day of the menstrual cycle for the procedure.

Complications after office hysteroscopy occur rarely.

Hysteroscopic Resection (Hysteroresectoscopy)

This operative procedure is indicated when therapeutic intervention is required rather than diagnostic assessment alone.

Indications:

• abnormal bleeding in the perimenopausal or menopausal period
• adenomyosis and uterine structural anomalies
• removal of retained IUD fragments, placental tissue, or products of conception
• suspected malignant tumors
• endometrial hyperplasia and intermenstrual bleeding
• removal of endometrial polyps
• monitoring response to hormonal therapy

Contraindications:

• pelvic inflammatory or infectious diseases
• severe general condition
• coagulation disorders
• large uterine fibroids (>6 cm)
• severe cardiac or renal disease

For planned hysteroresectoscopy — including polypectomy — the timing must be coordinated with the patient’s menstrual cycle.

Postoperative Period

Post-procedure spotting and mild pain are typically minimal. Unlike laparoscopy, where postoperative bleeding may persist for up to a week, after hysteroscopy discharge usually resolves within 2–3 days.

Menstruation generally resumes within one month. Patients should monitor the amount and color of discharge — profuse bleeding requires immediate medical attention.

Some mild pelvic discomfort is normal. During recovery, it is important to follow medical recommendations:

• avoid heavy lifting
• avoid vaginal douching
• avoid hot baths and hypothermia

Planning pregnancy after hysteroscopy is always individualized, taking into account the extent of the procedure, the patient’s condition, and the recovery process.

Summary

Hysteroscopy is a modern, minimally invasive, and highly informative diagnostic and therapeutic method.
It offers short hospital stays, no external incisions, and rapid recovery.

Discuss all details with a trusted specialist to choose the most appropriate facility for your procedure.