ADOS-2 - plan of diagnostic examination for autism
ADOS-2 - for the presence of autism spectrum disorders for children and adults
The method is recommended for use by children and adults of any age with suspected autism spectrum disorders (ASD). ADOS-2 is a complex semi-structured method, which consists of sets of materials with tasks, the performance of which allows establishing the presence of autism spectrum disorders.
How is testing according to the ADOS-2 method
Testing according to the ADOS-2 method takes place according to a certain scenario, which is chosen depending on the age of the child and his level of speech. Performing tasks according to the selected scenario allows you to observe reactions, as well as social and communicative behavior during various activities.
ADOS-2 is 5 modules, each of which corresponds to a specific age and level of speech development:
- Module 1 - is used for children aged 31 months and older who do not have coherent speech or use single words in speech, and can also be used for teenagers with an appropriate level of speech development;
- Module 2 – suitable for children of any age who have mastered phrasal speech, but cannot speak fluently;
- Module 3 – suitable for children from older preschool age to 15 years who have coherent speech;
- Module 4 is for teenagers and adults who speak fluently.
- Module T is intended for children aged 12 to 30 months who do not speak or use only single words when speaking.
Each patient is diagnosed according to a module that corresponds to his level of speech development. An interactive game is used to complete the tasks, and conversations and interviews are used for teenagers and adults.
Diagnostics for each module lasts from 40 to 60 minutes.
Evaluation of test results takes place in three stages:
- observation - used during examination;
- encryption - after the session, points are assigned for each type of activity;
- algorithm - determination of the diagnostic group, which occurs after the calculation of points and their interpretation according to algorithms.
For a more accurate diagnosis, it is recommended to use several methods.
PEP-3 - psychoeducational profile according to the TEASSN method
PEP-3 is a psychoeducational profile for individual assessment of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) aged 2 to 7.5 years. The TEASSN method, which is used in the assessment, allows to assess the child's learning abilities, taking into account developmental disorders due to the diagnosis.
The set of materials for the PEP-3 psychoeducational profile includes forms for the evaluation of the child's actions by a specialist, forms with tasks for the child, a book with stimulus images that allow the specialist to conduct the assessment, and a set of stimulus objects that differ in color. texture and shape. The set includes instructions for a specialist with prescribed testing algorithms and a guide for interpreting the received data.
During testing, the specialist evaluates:
- level of development of communication skills;
- level of development of motor skills;
- presence of maladaptive forms of behavior of a child with ASD;
- other pervasive developmental disorders.
For a more accurate diagnosis, the results are correlated with the information received from the child's parents or guardians.
The test results allow:
- determine whether the child belongs to the diagnostic group of autism or other pervasive developmental disorders;
- determine the level of development and adaptation of the child;
- make an individual study plan taking into account the strengths and weaknesses of the child's development;
- determine the level of effectiveness of training and psychological or pedagogical intervention in the development and rehabilitation of the child.
Psycho-educational profile PEP-3 was compiled by teachers and special psychologists on the basis of TEASSN methodology. The program has proven its effectiveness and data reliability, insisting on the education of children with ASD in secondary schools.
The PEP-3 methodology includes a large number of non-verbal tasks and provides for the flexibility of the assessment process. The tasks in the program are divided into several levels, which makes it possible to evaluate children with different levels of development. The program combines data from the latest research on ASD, on which recommendations for correction, rehabilitation and training are based.
Duration of testing: 60-90 minutes.
Autism Spectrum Disorders Screening Scale
The CASD test allows you to perform a screening test for autism and autism spectrum disorders in children from 1 to 16 years of age in 15 minutes. The test is allowed to be carried out by children of this age category with any level of mental development and degree of manifestation of disorders.
The CASD test is a questionnaire that assesses 30 symptoms that make it possible to establish ASD, namely:
- problems with socialization;
- obsessive repetition of words or actions;
- violation of fine motor skills;
- atypical communicative behavior and developmental disorders;
- mood changes;
- problems with memory and attention.
A score of 15 or more indicates ASD, while children with other developmental disabilities such as mental retardation, attention deficit disorder, language disorders, cerebral palsy, brain damage, hearing disorders, anxiety disorders, and depression receive a lower number of points, indicating the absence of ASD symptoms.
The CASD test has a degree of reliability of 99.5% and is 93-98% consistent with other diagnostic methods for establishing ASD. CASD meets DSM-5 criteria.
Duration of the test is 15 minutes.
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