Treatment of liver hemangioma in adults and other hemangiomas
Hemangioma is a benign tumor that is formed from the tissues of vascular walls. Pathology most often occurs in the first weeks of life, developing from excess congenital vascular rudiments. Hemangiomas are usually localized on the head or neck (for example, cavernous hemangiomas on the head in newborns, which consist of cavities filled with blood), but can also develop in internal organs (liver, kidneys, etc.). If the hemangioma continues to grow during the first weeks after birth, it is called proliferative. Growth usually stops after 2-3 weeks. Some hemangiomas disappear on their own, others become more complicated: they can ulcerate and bleed. Learn how to treat a capillary hemangioma on the face, as well as the symptoms and treatment of other hemangiomas.
Skin hemangioma in children
In 80% of cases, children are diagnosed with simple hemangiomas that originate from capillaries. They look like ordinary large moles of red or blue-burgundy color that protrude above the skin. Cavernous and combined hemangiomas are less common. Dynamic observation is usually established for a vascular tumor for a certain period of time. If the growth of the hemangioma or any complications is noted, it should be removed. The choice of removal method depends on the nature of the tumor, its size and location, and the age of the child. The specific method is chosen by the doctor.
To remove skin hemangioma in children, use:
- local cryotherapy (cold action). The method is used to remove small hemangiomas of any location. About 70% of vascular formations are treated in this way. The efficiency of cryodestruction is 96%;
- Microwave cryodestruction. The hemangioma is treated with a microwave field, and then cryodestruction is carried out;
- surgical removal. It is performed for vascular tumors located deep in the tissues;
- electrocoagulation. It is used to remove point hemangiomas;
- surgery to remove a hemangioma with a laser. It is carried out in several stages, the interval between them is 3-6 weeks;
- angiography and embolization. They are used to remove formations on the face and neck;
- sclerosis. The method helps with small vascular tumors. At the same time, special sclerosing drugs are injected directly into the formation.
Hemangioma of the vertebral body of the thoracic spine
Vascular formations can be localized in various vertebral structures. Depending on the location, hemangiomas are distinguished:
- which affect the entire vertebra;
- only the body of the vertebra;
- which affect the posterior half ring;
- body of the vertebra with a partial impression of the posterior semiring;
- epidural localization.
Hemangiomas of the vertebral bodies of the thoracic department, depending on the histological structure, are divided into capillary, cavernous and mixed. They are usually discovered accidentally during CT or MRI. Most vascular tumors of the spine have a benign structure and do not increase in size. Only 3-5% of cases are so-called aggressive hemangiomas. Their development is accompanied by clinical symptoms that are characteristic of compression of the spinal cord. Operative methods are indicated for rapid tumor growth, severe pain syndrome, risk of vertebral destruction or spinal cord damage. Treatment is carried out using radiation therapy, embolization, alcoholization, puncture vertebroplasty, open surgery and combined techniques.
With timely diagnosis, the prognosis is favorable. The size of the removed hemangioma does not affect the recurrence rate. The number of complications after treatment does not exceed 5-6%.
Hemangiomas of other localization
Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor affecting the liver. Hepatic hemangiomas are of mesenchymal origin and are usually solitary. They consist of atypical blood vessels. The etiology of the formations is unknown. It is assumed that there is a connection between the use of oral contraceptives or steroids and the accelerated growth of hemangioma. Whether these drugs really induce hemangioma formation has not yet been proven.
Treatment of liver hemangioma in adults is necessary if there are complaints of constant pain. The choice of treatment method depends on the size and location of the tumor and the general state of health. Radiation therapy, arterial embolization and ligation of the hepatic artery, surgical removal of the hemangioma can be performed.
A characteristic symptom of a kidney hemangioma is painless hematuria (blood in the urine). Pain similar to renal colic is noted infrequently. Renal hemangiomas, as a rule, are not characterized by symptoms, they are diagnosed during CT and MRI of the kidneys.
The causes of lip hemangioma have not been established. It is assumed that such a hemangioma may be the result of injuries. A number of studies conducted in 2007 showed that local (limited) hypoxia of soft tissues in combination with elevated estrogen levels can stimulate the formation of hemangiomas in newborns. The theory proposed by scientists from Harvard and Arkansas universities explains the formation of hemangioma as follows: the placenta at some stage of pregnancy embolizes the vessels of the embryonic dermis, which causes the formation of hemangioma. However, further research conducted at Duke University contradicts this hypothesis, so the reasons for the appearance of such vascular formations are still ongoing.
Read about the dangers of brain hemangioma on our website https://dobrobut.com.
1.1К views
