Acute and chronic kidney failure - treatment, emergency care

Renal failure is a set of symptoms that appear with gradual or sudden impairment of kidney function. This condition can occur in acute and chronic form, which have their own symptoms and approaches to providing qualified medical care. Treatment of acute renal failure is a complex of measures that should be carried out in hospital conditions.

Acute kidney failure – emergency care and treatment

Acute kidney failure, the treatment of which is carried out only in a medical institution, is characterized by pronounced symptoms:

disruption of urine output - it is either completely absent or in small quantities;
dysfunction of the digestive system - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (runny nose), complete lack of appetite;
edema of the upper and lower extremities;
increased blood pressure;
tachycardia;
anemia;
drowsiness;
liver failure.

Treatment measures

Treatment of acute kidney failure begins with finding out the cause of the development of the pathological condition - it is not an independent disease, but a complication of existing diseases. In order to quickly get rid of the factors that provoke an attack of acute renal failure, doctors can carry out a variety of measures: eliminate blood loss, restore normal heart activity, inject intravenous blood substitutes. If there are mechanical obstacles to the outflow of urine, then they are removed exclusively surgically - for example, catheterization of the ureters, nephrostomy is performed.

In the first place in the treatment process is the restoration of urine production, for this purpose, diuretics are used together with special solutions, which are administered by infusion and in a strictly defined dosage. Treatment of kidney failure in the acute period also includes the use of drugs that can improve microcirculation in the kidneys, activate metabolism and restore the functioning of the paired organ.

Emergency care

Acute kidney failure, in which emergency care consists in the elimination of acute phenomena, can be provoked by poisons or certain drugs. It is important to quickly carry out detoxification measures - washing the stomach, introducing a large amount of sorbents into the digestive system, using antidotes. If a specific type of poison is detected, doctors can also perform hemodialysis or hemosorption on the patient - in most cases, these methods of emergency care are the patient's only chance for survival.

Acute kidney failure in children and adults is a terminal condition, that is, there is a high chance of death. Fortunately, both children and adults are treatable, and every patient has a chance of survival. Timely treatment of kidney failure in the acute period is a prerequisite for restoring the patient's health.

Chronic renal failure

This syndrome never occurs "by itself", it is a complication of almost all kidney diseases. With acute and chronic insufficiency, the clinic will differ. For example, the chronic form of the pathology is characterized by swelling and pain localized in the lumbar region - the symptoms are not characterized by intensity, so they are often ignored by patients. There is also a problem when diagnosing chronic kidney failure in children - parents may not notice a decrease in the amount of urine and mild pain. The indicated symptoms can be accompanied by general weakness, increased fatigue, insomnia - these signs are non-specific, therefore it is impossible to make a correct diagnosis based only on them, a full examination of the patient is necessary.

Chronic kidney failure, the treatment of which must be carried out under the supervision of doctors, can also progress to the terminal stage. Then they can develop:

extensive swelling (due to the fact that the kidneys stop producing urine);
nosebleeds;
gastric or intestinal bleeding;
high blood pressure;
nervous system damage;
depression;
acidosis;
respiratory activity disorders;
high blood pressure.

Treatment of chronic renal failure in the terminal stage can have unpredictable consequences, doctors do not give any forecasts, the life of such patients is counted in hours.

Treatment measures

There is a clear algorithm for the treatment of chronic kidney failure:

treatment of the main disease;
observance of the daily regime and medical nutrition;
correction of water balance violations;
treatment of arterial hypertension;
treatment of anemia;
treatment of infectious complications.

How to treat chronic kidney failure in each specific case, the doctor decides - it is necessary to analyze the patient's condition, find out all obvious and hidden diseases, exclude HIV, and conduct a thorough examination. In particularly severe cases, the patient may be prescribed hemodialysis - it increases the chances of survival several times. You can find out how severe kidney failure is treated on the pages of our website: https://dobrobut.com/.

The disease is considered quite dangerous, so patients are registered immediately after diagnosis - they will have to undergo regular examinations by specialists, periodically undergo treatment in a hospital. The pathogenesis of chronic renal failure does not allow for a clear answer to the question of drug treatment - everything is too individual. Everything will depend on what pathology provoked the development of this condition. With particularly severe kidney failure, patients can undergo organ transplantation - sometimes this is the only chance for survival, and after surgery, patients live for more than 10 years.

Kidney failure of any form requires qualified medical care. Emergency care for acute renal failure or a course of treatment for a chronic form of pathology should be carried out by specialists in a hospital setting - this increases the probability of restoring normal functioning of the kidneys many times over.

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