Symptoms and treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw
Osteomyelitis of the jaw is an infectious purulent inflammation that covers the bones of the jaw and leads to osteonecrosis. This is a dangerous disease that can cause extremely serious complications. Symptoms of osteomyelitis of the lower jaw are divided into local and general. Pathology can occur in acute, subacute and chronic form.
Provocative factors:
- chronic diseases of viral origin;
- complicated periodontitis;
- presence of an acute pathogenic infection in the body;
- injuries, wounds, jaw fractures;
- chronic blood diseases, diseases of the immune system.
Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw in most cases is conservative.
Classification of the disease
Depending on the cause, osteomyelitis can be hematogenous, odontogenic and traumatic.
Hematogenous. The disease develops as a result of infection with blood from distant foci of inflammation. The disease affects the bones of the jaw and only after that the teeth. Favorable factors: scarlet fever, tonsillitis, purulent otitis, boils and carbuncles of the jaw. Most often, this type of osteomyelitis develops against the background of a chronic disease and, as a rule, affects the upper jaw.
Odontogenic. Ways of penetration of infection - tooth root, infected pulp. Most often, the disease is diagnosed in men. Localization – upper jaw. Favorable factors: cyst, pulpitis, alveolitis, periodontitis, tooth granuloma.
The causes of traumatic osteomyelitis of the jaw are injuries, gunshot wounds, fractures. The affected part becomes an "open window" for the penetration of bacteria and viruses.
Classification of osteomyelitis of the jaws by stages: acute, subacute and chronic. In addition, osteomyelitis can be diffuse and limited.
Acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaw: symptoms
General signs of pathology are similar to manifestations of other inflammatory diseases:
- general weakness and malaise;
- attacks of headache and insomnia;
- decrease in appetite, low-grade fever;
- redness of the oral mucosa;
- increase in regional lymph nodes;
- mobility of teeth in the affected area;
- bad breath.
In the acute form of the disease, marked edema and hyperemia of soft tissues, regional lymphadenitis are noted. The result is facial asymmetry.
On our website Dobrobut.com you can book a consultation with specialists and learn how to treat hematogenous osteomyelitis of the jaw in children. In the clinic, you can undergo a complete examination of the body. After that, the doctor will prescribe a course of therapy and monitor its implementation.
Diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the jaw after tooth extraction
A sharp shape. The diagnosis is made after examining the patient, taking into account the results of clinical and laboratory tests. A large amount of C-reactive protein, hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia are noted in the biochemical blood analysis. Urine analysis - traces of protein, cylinders. Bacposiv will help to identify the causative agent. Signs of osteomyelitis of the upper jaw on X-ray in the acute form are not always pronounced.
Acute osteomyelitis requires differential diagnosis with purulent cyst, purulent periostitis, acute periodontitis.
Chronic form. X-rays reveal areas of osteosclerosis and osteoporosis, foci of sequestration, and a rough-fibrous bone pattern.
Diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the jaw after tooth extraction should be carried out only by a specialist.
Treatment
The course of treatment consists of general and local measures. General:
- detoxification therapy;
- appointment of immunomodulators;
- antibiotic therapy;
- hemosorption, plasmapheresis, lymphosorption;
- UFO blood.
Physiotherapy (UHF therapy, magnetic therapy) is local.
Operation for destructive osteomyelitis of the jaw is performed according to individual indications in the chronic form of the disease.
Forecast
Timely diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis and quality treatment guarantee the patient's full recovery. In the case of incorrect treatment tactics, the spread of infection can provoke the development of a brain abscess, meningitis, meningoencephalitis, sepsis.
Complications of the chronic form of the pathology: contracture of the masticatory muscles, false joints, pathological fractures. Sometimes osteomyelitis of the jaw can provoke amyloidosis of the kidneys and heart.
Preventive measures: timely treatment of caries and periodontitis, strengthening of immunity, prevention of jaw injuries.
If you have any questions or need expert advice, make an appointment for a personal appointment. The doctor will tell you what acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaw is and how dangerous it is. You can also undergo a preventive examination by a dentist at the clinic. Call the phone number or fill out the application form.
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