Treatment of syphilis in women during pregnancy
Syphilis is considered the most serious sexually transmitted disease. Syphilis is especially dangerous and insidious in women who notice the disease only in the late stages. Since the consequences of congenital syphilis in children can be very severe (if the child does not die in the last months of pregnancy or immediately after birth, then it develops lesions of internal organs and skin), when registering, pregnant women must pass an analysis " for syphilis».
The causative agent of the disease – pale treponema. Infection occurs through traumatized areas of the skin and mucous membranes, most often during sexual contact. Through microtraumas, the causative agent of the disease enters the bloodstream. 3-4 weeks after contact, a small ulcer appears at the site of penetration – syphilis Syphilis in women is dangerous because the syphiloma is often located in the vagina or even on the cervix. It is painless, and therefore remains unnoticed for a long time. Without treatment, the disease progresses. We will tell you below how household syphilis is transmitted and what its incubation period is, the symptoms of the disease and the standard treatment scheme.
How does primary and secondary syphilis manifest
Periods of the course of syphilis:
- incubation: from the moment of infection until the appearance of visible signs of the disease. Lasts from two weeks to three months;
- primary: from the time of the appearance of a hard chancre at the point of penetration of the pathogen. The first sign of syphilis in the early stages – chancre It has the appearance of an erosion or ulcer the color of red meat. Diagnosis of hard chancre in the mouth and on the lips is sometimes difficult due to its atypical form. In a week, the nearby lymph nodes increase and thicken. After 2-3 weeks, all lymph nodes increase, weakness, headache appear;
- secondary: a rash appears on the skin, which may disappear without treatment and then reappear. Types of rashes: nodular, bullous, pustular. After 5-6 months, hair loss, damage to the nervous system is possible. Read more about how primary and secondary syphilis manifests on our website https://dobrobut.com/;
- tertiary: in the absence of treatment occurs after 3.5-4 years. Many tissues and organs, spinal cord and brain are affected.
The first symptom of infection with genital syphilis in men is the appearance of a hard chancre (single or multiple). Ulcer (erosion) is usually localized in the genital area (most often on the penis).
How to take a blood test for hidden syphilis
Syphilis analysis is mandatory for pregnant women, donors, some categories of workers (medical personnel, cooks), and patients before scheduled surgery. A positive syphilis test result does not always mean that a person has an STD. Tests can be false positive in acute and chronic diseases, recent vaccination and some other conditions. This is explained by the fact that the patient's blood contains immunoglobulins that are similar to anti-treponemal antibodies. Hence the false positive result for syphilis. In such cases, a repeat test is conducted to obtain reliable results – determination in biomaterial not of antibodies, but of the causative agent (treponema).
However, it is not possible to determine hidden syphilis or its late forms by direct methods, therefore, in clinical practice, they are used exclusively to confirm the diagnosis. How to take a blood test for hidden syphilis? For this purpose, indirect methods are used, for example, the well-known RW (Wasserman reaction). However, more modern methods are now used: microprecipitation reaction (RMP) and RPR test (RPR).
Treatment of syphilis
With timely diagnosis and treatment at the first stage, recovery is possible within 2-3 weeks. If the disease is advanced, the treatment can stretch for two years, so it is important to diagnose syphilis in a timely manner. Women should be especially attentive to their health. Syphilis in them often occurs in a hidden form, and characteristic symptoms appear only in the later stages.
Main areas of drug therapy:
- antibiotics of the penicillin group;
- antihistamine drugs;
- vitamins;
- biostimulants.
Since the invention of penicillin, antibiotics of this group have been the drugs of choice. Highly active medicines include Bicilin-1, Retarpen, and Extensilin. In case of intolerance to this series of antibiotics, drugs of the reserve group are prescribed – tetracyclines and macrolides. Vitamins and biostimulants are prescribed to increase the body's defenses. It is necessary to take into account the possibility of the development of vaginal candidiasis when using high doses of antibiotics. Antifungal therapy is conducted for women in parallel. Non-specific treatment (pyrotherapy, autohemotherapy) is indicated for malignant and recurrent course of the disease. Treatment of syphilis in women during pregnancy is carried out with drugs of the penicillin group, which are relatively safe for both the mother and the future child.
Self-medication for syphilis is prohibited, as it can lead to the development of resistant forms of the pathogen. Timely contact to a dermatovenerologist and correctly selected therapy allow you to completely defeat the disease.
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